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A location assigned a suitability value of 5 on the reclassed slope layer will be twice as costly to build on as a slope assigned a value of 10.
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The locations closer to the roads are more favorable since they are less costly to build on because they have easier access to power and require shorter driveways. The same reclassification process is applied to the distance to roads criterion. You do the same reclassification process to the 1 to 10 scale for aspect, with the more favorable aspects, in this case the more southerly, being assigned the higher values. As the slopes become steeper, they are assigned decreasing values, with the steepest slopes being assigned a 1. The slopes are reclassed on a 1 to 10 scale with the flatter being less costly: therefore, they are the most favorable and are assigned the higher values. For example, if a location for one criterion is assigned a preference of 5, it will have the same influence on the phenomenon as a 5 in a second criterion.įor example, in a simple housing suitability model, you may have three input criteria: slope, aspect, and distance to roads.
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The preference values not only should be assigned relative to each other within the layer but should have the same meaning between the layers. That is, a preference of 10 is twice as preferred as a preference of 5. The preference values are on a relative scale. An assigned preference on the common scale implies the phenomenon's preference for the criterion. Since the input criteria layers will be in different numbering systems with different ranges, to combine them in a single analysis, each cell for each criterion must be reclassified into a common preference scale such as 1 to 10, with 10 being the most favorable. In a weighted overlay analysis, each of the general overlay analysis steps are followed.Īs with all overlay analysis, in weighted overlay analysis, you must define the problem, break the model into submodels, and identify the input layers. The Weighted Overlay tool applies one of the most used approaches for overlay analysis to solve multicriteria problems such as site selection and suitability models.